Choose an injection site
Use the abdomen at least two inches from the belly button, the front of the thigh, or the upper outer arm.
AbdomenThighUpper arm
Patient medication guide
Your complete guide to GLP-1 medication
Learn how to take and store your medication, what to expect as your dose changes, how to manage common side effects, and which symptoms need prompt medical care.
Once-weekly routine
Clinician-guided care
Getting started
How to take your medication
GLP-1 medications such as semaglutide and tirzepatide are typically given as subcutaneous injections—into the fatty tissue just beneath the skin, not into a muscle or vein. Use the medication exactly as prescribed and follow the instructions supplied with your specific pen.
Rotate the location
Use a different spot each week. Repeatedly injecting in one location can increase irritation or small lumps beneath the skin.
Stay on schedule
Follow your prescribed dosing and dose-escalation plan. Never increase, decrease, or stop your dose without speaking with your clinician.
Your product instructions matter
Injection steps, missed-dose rules, and storage limits can differ by brand and formulation. Read the medication guide and ask your pharmacist or clinician if anything is unclear.
Protect every dose
How to store GLP-1 medication
Correct storage helps preserve medication effectiveness. Always check the product label because storage instructions and permitted room-temperature periods vary.
- Store refrigerated as directed by the manufacturer.
- Keep the medication in its original packaging.
- Protect it from excessive heat and direct sunlight.
- Do not freeze it or use medication that has frozen.
- Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
Traveling?
Ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider how to transport your specific medication safely and review the manufacturer’s travel guidance.
Start low, progress gradually
Why dose escalation takes time
GLP-1 medications slow stomach emptying and reduce appetite. Beginning at a low dose gives your digestive system time to adapt and may reduce nausea, vomiting, and stomach discomfort. During the first several weeks, the goal is often tolerance—not maximum weight loss.
1
Starting dose
Your body begins adapting. Appetite changes may be subtle.
2
Gradual increases
Your clinician considers tolerance, symptoms, and response before changes.
3
Ongoing treatment
Results build with consistency, nutrition, movement, sleep, and follow-up.
3–5 lb
A possible monthly pace for some patients—not a promise or a target that fits everyone.
What to expect
Weight loss is individual
Some people lose 1–2 pounds a month, others 3–5 pounds, and some 10 pounds or more. Others may lose little at first. A slower, steady pace may be easier to sustain and can help support lean muscle when paired with adequate protein and strength training.
What can influence your results
Starting weight
Nutrition & protein
Physical activity
Sleep quality
Medication consistency
Medical conditions
Calorie intake
Ongoing support
Little change during the first few weeks can be normal
Lower starting doses are designed to improve tolerance. More noticeable results may follow later dose increases and continued lifestyle changes. Speak with your clinician before changing treatment.
Before treatment
Who may not be a candidate
GLP-1 medications are not appropriate for everyone. Tell your prescriber about your complete health history, medications, allergies, pregnancy plans, and any changes in your health.
Medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN 2
A personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 is a key contraindication for several GLP-1 medicines.
Pregnancy or breastfeeding
Notify your clinician if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, planning pregnancy, or become pregnant during treatment.
Pancreatitis history
Your clinician should evaluate a history of pancreatitis or risk factors before deciding whether treatment is appropriate.
Severe digestive disorders
Gastroparesis, severe delayed stomach emptying, or significant gastrointestinal motility disorders may affect candidacy.
Serious allergy
Do not use a medicine if you have had a serious allergic reaction to it or any of its ingredients.
Uncontrolled or complex conditions
Uncontrolled diabetes or thyroid disease and severe kidney or liver disease may require stabilization or additional evaluation.
Feel better as your body adjusts
Common side effects and practical relief
Most side effects are digestive, are mild to moderate, and may improve with time. Contact your clinician when symptoms are persistent, severe, or concerning.
Nausea
- Eat smaller meals slowly
- Avoid greasy, fatty, or very spicy foods
- Sip fluids regularly
Constipation
- Drink enough water
- Increase fiber gradually
- Keep physically active
- Ask before adding laxatives
Acid reflux
- Choose smaller meals
- Avoid personal trigger foods
- Stay upright after eating
- Ask before using a PPI
Diarrhea
- Replace fluids and electrolytes
- Temporarily avoid greasy or spicy foods
- Watch for dehydration
Headache or fatigue
- Stay hydrated
- Get adequate sleep
- Eat enough protein and balanced meals
Dizziness
- Stand up slowly
- Maintain hydration
- Report persistent or severe dizziness
Check before adding over-the-counter medicine
Your provider may recommend options such as senna/docusate, polyethylene glycol, or omeprazole in certain situations. The right choice depends on your symptoms, health history, and other medicines.
Know the warning signs
Symptoms that need prompt medical attention
Stop and seek medical advice promptly for severe or persistent symptoms. If you believe you are having a medical emergency, call 911 or your local emergency service.
Possible pancreatitis
Severe abdominal pain, pain that radiates to the back, or persistent nausea and vomiting.
Possible thyroid symptoms
A neck lump or swelling, difficulty swallowing, or persistent hoarseness should be evaluated.
Severe digestive symptoms
Inability to keep fluids down, severe vomiting, or persistent severe abdominal pain.
Other urgent concerns
Allergic reaction, yellow skin or eyes, or severe constipation or diarrhea with dehydration.
Pregnancy
Contact your healthcare provider promptly if you become pregnant during treatment.
Health changes
Report a new medical condition, hospitalization, or meaningful change in your health.
Quick answers
Frequently asked questions
Many people notice reduced appetite within the first few weeks. More noticeable weight loss may take several months as prescribed doses increase and healthy habits take effect.
Yes. Regular aerobic activity and strength training can support weight loss, overall health, and preservation of muscle mass. Ask your clinician what is appropriate for you.
Early doses help your body adjust. Weight loss can be gradual during the first one to two months and varies widely. Do not increase the dose on your own.
Try to eat balanced meals with adequate protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals even if appetite is reduced. Your clinician or dietitian can help tailor a plan if eating enough is difficult.
Many patients find that limiting greasy, fried, spicy, or very sugary foods helps reduce nausea and digestive discomfort. Individual tolerance varies.
Clinician-guided weight care
Have questions about GLP-1 treatment?
Check your eligibility and connect with Doko MD to discuss whether a clinician-guided weight loss plan may be right for you.
Medical disclaimer: This guide is for general education and does not replace diagnosis, treatment, product labeling, or advice from your healthcare professional. GLP-1 medicines differ in their indications, dosing, contraindications, warnings, and storage requirements. Always follow the instructions for your specific prescription.